The serpents of summer

Now that warm summer weather is here, the snakes are active. Among the many species of snake native to the area, three are venomous: the eastern timber rattlesnake, the eastern massasauga rattlesnake and the northern copperhead. All three are members of the pit viper family, so-named for the small “pits” on the side of their heads that act as heat detectors while hunting prey.

The thought of a snake may conjure up images of vicious creatures that strike at the drop of a hat. In reality, however, snakes will avoid confrontation, and only attack as a last resort. Most snakebites occur when the snake is incorrectly handled or molested, or cornered. Snakes may bite if accidentally stepped on, but they will usually flee. I was fortunate to have escaped a bite last summer, when a hidden timber rattlesnake fled the grassy area I was about to step in rather than bite. The encounter was a gentle reminder to watch where you step.

The three venomous snakes native to the region all have features that mark them as such:

• A slit or vertically elliptical eye pupil, depending on light (like that of a cat)

• A small pit on each side of the head in front of the eye

It’s best to keep your distance from any snake, as even some non-venomous snakes will bite if molested.

Most snakes are protected by law, depending on the species and state. Some are endangered or threatened. Before collecting snakes of any type, check the laws regarding that species before doing so.